Carburetor



June 2, 1936. o. F, TEED 2,042,913

' CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 5, 1933 Patented June 2, 1936 CARBURETOR Oren F. Teed, Los Angeles, Calif. Application September 5, 1933, Serial No. 688,154

9 Claims.

This invention relates to a carburetor for internal combustion engines, and it is a general object of the invention to provide a simple, practical and inexpensive carburetor that is operable to effectively handle comparatively heavy fuels and produce therefrom explosive mixtures for the successful and eicient operation of the engine with which it is used.

An object of the present invention is to provide a carburetor that is operable to readily form explosive mixtures from kerosene, distillates, and other inexpensive fuels to provide for the practical and ei`n`cient operation of the engine with which it is connected.

It is another object of the invention to provide a carburetor of the character mentioned that is adapted for use on various types and classes of internal combustion engines.

It is another object of the invention to provide a carburetor of the character mentioned that may be easily and quickly installed on an engine without requiring the use or installation of special devices or appliances.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor of the character mentioned that heats the liquid fuel before it is vaporized and mixed with the air.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor that is smooth and even in operation and that is extremely exible having a Wide range of adjustability or variation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor that includes the combination of a novel and improved liquid fuel jetting or spraying device and a rotary throttle valve.

It is another object of the invention to provide a carburetor of the character mentioned that is operable to automatically and accurately and properly proportion the mixture of the liquid fuel and air at al1 speeds of the engine.

A further object of the invention is to provide a carburetor that is simple and sturdy in construction and that is inexpensive to manufacture.

Other objects and features of the invention will be best and fully understood from the following detailed description of a typical form and application of the invention, throughout which detailed description reference is had to the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical detailed sectional view of the carburetor provided by the present invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken substantially as indicated by line 2-2 on Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a vertical detailed sectional view taken as indicated by line 3-3 on Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view of a portion of the valve and of the fuel spraying means, and Fig. 5 is an enlarged horizontal detailed sectional View taken as indicated byline 5 5 on Fig. 1.

The carburetor provided by the invention includes, generally, a body I having an air inlet passage II, a mixing chamber I2, and a heating manifold I3 surrounding the mixing chamber I2, a fuel reservoir I 4 in connection with the body I0, means I for jetting or spraying liquid fuel into the mixing chamber I2, and valve means I6 for controlling the admission of air and liquid fuel into the mixing chamber I2, and the discharge of the mixture from the mixing chamber I2.

The body It may include an integral casting comprising a carburetor bowl Il and a fuel reservoir I4. The carburetor bowl II is substantially round in horizontal cross section and its lower end portion is spherically rounded as illustrated throughout the drawing. A tubular boss I3 projects from the lower end portion of the carburetor bowl I'I and its opening I9 forms the outer end part of the air inlet passage II. The flow of air into the passage II may be controlled by a suitable butterfly valve 20 arranged in the opening I9. The mixing chamber I 2 is in the upper portion of the carburetor bowl I 'I and is divided or separated from the inlet passage II by a transverse wall or partition 2I Two diametrically opposite ports 22 are provided in the partition 2| to pass the air upwardly into the mixing chamber I2 from the passage II. In the preferred construction, the ports 22 are arcuate or sector-shaped in plan elevation. The passage of air through the ports 22 is controlled by the valve means I6 as will be subsequently described.

The outer walls 23 of the mixing chamber I2 are cylindrically curved about the central vertical axis of the bowl I'I. A cap 24 is provided on the outer end of the carburetor bowl Il and forms the upper end Wall of the mixing chamber I2. The cap 24 may be connected with the inlet manifold 25 of the engine. In the particular case illustrated in the drawing, an outwardly projecting flange 25 is provided on the end of the manifold 25 and is connected to the cap 24 by screws or studs 2l. A central opening 28 is provided in the cap 24 to pass the explosive mixture of air and the vaporized liquid fuel from the mixing chamber I2 into the manifold 25. The carburetor is adapted to be mounted on either side of the engine as the cap 24 may be detached from the body I0 and the body turned 180.

' buretor bowl yis closed by a head 3l.

` reservoir The heating manifold I3 is adapted to carry or circulate exhaust gases from the engine for heating the liquid fuel and for heating the walls of the mixing chamber I2. The manifold I3 provides a space in the wall structure of the car- I'I that surrounds the mixing chamber I2. The lower end portion of the manifold opening follows the general contour of the lower portion of the bowl Il. A tubular boss 26 projects from the upper portion of the bowl II and is adapted to receive the end of a pipe or conduit 3` for supplying the exhaust gases from the engine to the manifold I3. An exhaust opening or outlet opening 3l is provided in the lower outer wall of the carburetor bowl I'I to discharge the gases from the manifold I3. In accordance with the invention, the body or bowl I'I has a central internal structure having a vertical recess or opening 32 forming a continuation of the manifold I3. It will be apparent how the exhaust gases from the engine continuously circulate around in and downwardly through the manifold I3 to discharge from the opening 3l. Openings 33 are provided in the walls of the bowl Il and are normally closed by plates 34. The manifold I3 and other internal portions of the carburetor may be made accessible by removing the plates 34.

The fuel reservoir I4 is an integral part of the body I0 being joined with the bowl Il by webs 55. The reservoir I4 has a comparatively large opening or chamber 36 whose upper end The chamber is provided to hold the liquid fuel and is supplied with the liquid fuel by a fuel pipe or conduit 68. 'Ihe admission of the liquid fuel is governed by a float controlled valve 39. The valve 39 is in the nature of a needle valve and is adapted to cooperate with a seat member 4I] provided in an opening 4I in the lower end of the reservoir I4. A buoyant member or iioat 42 is provided in the chamber 36 and has a central opening passing the valve 39. Weighted levers or links 43 operatively connect the float 42 with the valve 39. A fitting 44 is provided on the lower end of the I4 and has a comparatively small chamber 45 receiving the liquid fuel from the conduit 38. A tubular projection 46 extends through the chamber 45 and carries screening 48 for straining the fuel entering the reservoir chamber 56. The screening 48 is removable being retained in position by a plug 41. The plug 4l' also retains the fitting 44 on the lower end of the reservoir I4.

The means I5 for admitting or spraying liqluid fuel into the mixing chamber I2 is operable to jet or spray heated liquid fuel into the lower portion of the chamber I2. The means I5 includes a `depression or recess 56 in the central internal structure of the bowl I'I extending upwardly to the upper surface of the partition 2l. A port 49 extends downwardly and outwardly from the recess 50 to the lower end of the reservoir chamber 36. A central tubular projection 5I extends upwardly from the bottom of the recess 55 and projects above the upper surface of the partition 2|. A ring 52 surrounds the projection 5I and has a continuous or annular flange 53 seating on the upper surface of the par- The ring 52 is stationarily clamped in position by a nut 54 threaded on the projection 5I.

` In accordance with the invention, sets or series of capillary tubes 55 are provided on the ring 52.

In the particular form of ,theinvention illustrated in the drawing, there are two diametrically opposite sets of tubes 55, each set or series being composed of three tubes. The tubes 55 project downwardly fromI the lower end of the ring 52 to extend into the recess 56. The upper end portions of the tubes 55 are carried in openings or ports 56 in the ring 52. The float 42 controls the valve 39 to maintain the level of the fuel in the recess 55 a considerable distance above the lower ends of the tubes 55 so that the lower end portions of the tubes are submerged in the liquid at all times. The upper end portions of the ports 56 extend laterally or horizontally outward to the periphery of the ange 55. The ring 52 is held stationary by the nut 54 and its two sets of ports 56 are substantially directly above the apertures 22 of the partition 2l. The flow or discharge from the ports is controlled by the valve means I6 as will be presently described. It is to be noted that the discharge ends of the ports 56 are horizontal so that the liquid fuel is sprayed horizontally outward into the mixing chamber I2.

The valvemeans I6 is operable to simultaneously control the flow of air through the partition apertures 22, the discharge of liquid fuel from the ports 56, and discharge of the mixture of air and fuel vapors from the mixing chamber I2 into the manifold 25. The valve means I6 includes a rotatable stem 58 extending upwardly through an opening 59 in the lower end of the carburetor bowl I1 and projecting through the manifold extension 32 and tubular projection 5I. A collar 66 is keyed or pinned on the projecting lower end of the stem 58 and has single valve for controlling the iiow of the in-y coming air, the discharge of the liquid fuel into the mixing chamber I2, and the final discharge of the fuel vapors and air into the manifold 25. The valve 64 is pinned or keyed to the projecting upper end of the stem portion 58 and is provided in its lower side with a central recess 65, receiving the nut 54 and the iiange 53. The valve 64 has two diamctrically opposite sector shaped anges or Wings 66 having sliding engagement with the upper side of the partition 2l. The wings 66 extend inwardly to the recesses 65 and their inner ends are curved about the axis of rotation of the valve to have sliding engagement with the periphery of the flange 53. In this manner, the wings 66 are operable to control the iiow from the ports 56. The outer ends of the wings 66 may be curved about the axis of rotation of the valve and may slidably engage the wall 23 of the mixing chamber as illustrated throughout the drawing. The wings 66 are sufflciently wide to completely or substantially close the apertures 22. As the sets of ports 56 are located above the apertures 22, the wings 66 are operable to simultaneously control the flow.

tubular portion 68 of the valve.

4of the engine.

is 'operable to successively control the flow through the ports 56 and vary the ow of air through the apertures 22 to maintain a distinct or predetermined relationship between the discharge of liquid fuel and air into the mixing chamber I2. The ports 56 and the apertures 22 are related so as to insure a proper quantity of liquid fuel in the mixing chamber I2 for each given volume or quantity of air admitted by the apertures 22.

The valve 64 is operable to control the discharge through the opening 22 into the manifold 25. A tubular portion 66 projects upwardly from the body of the valve 64 and its upper end engages the lower side of the cap 24. The tubular part of the valve 64 is provided with diametrically opposite apertures 69. A relatively stationary tube III has its upper end carried in the opening 28 and projects downwardly through the Two diametrically opposite openings or apertures li are provided in the walls of the stationary tube lll. In accordance with the preferred form of the invention, the apertures 'II are located substantially 95 from the apertures 22 and sets of ports 56. The tubular portion 68 of the valve 64 is rotatable on the stationary tube 10. The opening and closing of the apertures II is simultaneous with the opening and closing of the apertures 22 and fluid fuel ports 56. Y

Air inlet ports 95 are provided in the partition 2I at points between the ports 22. There may be two sets of ports 95 which are adapted to pass air into the mixing chamber during idling A screw 96 is threaded through an opening in the body IIB to regulate one set of ports 95. The inner surfaces of the valve wings 66 and the periphery of the flange 53 are related or grooved so that there is sumcient leakage of fuel from the ports 56 to the ports 22, when the valve is in the closed position, to provide for idling of the engine. In order to facilitate the running adjustment of regulation of the carburetor, a by-pass port 86 is provided in the cap 24 and stationary tube 'ID between the mixing chamber I2 and the discharge opening 2B, which port is controllable by an adjusting screw 8l.

In operation, the exhaust gases from the engine are continuously circulated through the manifold I3 to heat the walls of the mixing chamber I2, and the liquid fuel flowing through the port III. The float 42 controls the valve 39 so as to maintain a sufficient supply of liquid fuel in the recess 5D. The incoming air at normal temperatures is admitted through the passage II and flows through the apertures 22 into the mixing chamber I2. The liquid fuel is discharged or sprayed outwardly from the ports 56 toward the outer walls 23 of the mixing chamber I2 directly above the apertures 22 so that the incoming air comes into direct contact with the liquid fuel. The hot gases of combustion in the manifold I3 maintain the walls of the mixing chamber I2 in a heated condition so that the contents of the chamber are heated, and so that the discharged liquid fuel from the ports 55 that contacts the walls 23 of the chamber is effectively broken up. The apertures 'II in being located substantially 90 from the apertures 22 cause the mixed air and fuel vapors to swirl or turn in the mixing chamber I2 in order to pass out through the manifold 25. This rotary motion of the mixture sets up a centrifugal action which brings about a more complete vaporization or breaking up of the liquid fuel, and throws the unvaporized fuel outwardly so that it may contact with the heated walls of the mixing chamber I2. In this manner, the liquid fuel is completely broken up or vaporized and completely mixed with the air, producing an efficient highly combustible mixture for the engine. The single valve 64 of the carburetor controls the flow through the apertures 22, the discharge of liquid fuel from the ports 56, and the outward flow through the apertures 'Il so that the correct proportioning of liquid fuel and air is maintained at all speeds of the engine. By proportionately varying the flow through the apertures 'II with the varying of the admission of liquid fuel and air into the mixing chamber I2, a flow condition is maintained in the mixing chamber I2 that insures the proper breaking up and mixing of the liquid fuel. The liquid fuel is heated as it passes through the port 49 and recess 53 and is discharged from the ports 56 while hot. It will be apparent how the wings 66 of the valve 6d are operable to successively cover and uncover the fuel inlet ports 56, and at the same time vary the admission of air through the apertures 22 to maintain a proper balance between the liquid fuel and air admitted to the mixing chamber I2. As the carburetor of the present invention effectively pre-heats the liquid fuel and insures the complete vaporizing of the fuel and proper mixing of the fuel with the air, it is adapted to effectively handle comparatively heavy fuel such as kerosene, distillates, etc. The carburetor is operable to produce mixtures of air and comparatively heavy fuels that successfully and efficiently operate internal combustion engines. The carburetor is compact and inexpensive of manufacture, and embodies only a single moving part, namely the valve 64. The valve 64 in being a rotary valve and in having large effective sealing surfaces is long Wearing, and does not have a tendency to jam or become inoperative.

Having described only a typical form and application of my invention, I do not desire to restrict or limit myself to the specific form and application set forth, but wish to reserve to myself any variations that may appear to those skilled in the art of fall within the scope of the following claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

l. A carburetor including, a body having an air passage, a partition across the passage having an aperture, a manifold in the body surrounding the upper portion of the passage for circulating heated gases, a member projecting above the partition having liquid fuel ports for discharging into the upper portion of the passage, a body part extending through said manifold and having a uid passage delivering fuel to the said ports, and a valve for controlling the flow through said aperture and for closing said ports.

2. A carburetor including, a body having an air passage, a partition across the passage having an aperture, a manifold in the body surrounding a portion of the passage for circulating heated gases, a member having spaced liquid fuel ports for discharging outwardly toward the heated Wall of said portion of the air passage, the said ports being in the direct line of ow through the said aperture, and a valve for cutting off said aperture and for successively closing said ports.

3. A carburetor including a body having an air passage and an internal structure having a liquid fuel supply passage, an apertured tube projecting inwardly from the outlet end of the air passage, a member having ports discharging liquid fuel from the supply passage laterally outward into the passagey at points circumferentially spaced with respect to said aperture of the tube, and a single valve for successively closing the ports and for closing the apertures.

4. A carburetor including, a body having an air passage, a partition across the passage having an aperture, a manifold in the body surrounding the passage for circulating heated gases, a member at the partition having a liquid fuel port discharging laterally against the heated wall of the passage, and a rotatable Valve for simultaneously controlling the flow through the aperture and for closing the port.

5. A carburetor including, a body having an air passage, a partition across the passage having an aperture, a manifold in the body surrounding the passage for circulating heated gases, a member at the partition having a liquid fuel port discharging laterally against the heated wall of the passage directly above the partition, and a rotatable valve for simultaneously controlling the flow through the aperture and for closing the port.

6. A carburetor including, a body-having an air passage, a partition across the passage having an aperture, there being a recess in the partition, the body having a liquid passage delivering liquid fuel to the recess, a member having liquid fuel ports for discharging laterally into the air passage above the partition, capillary tubes on the member extending into the liquid fuel in the recess and supplying said ports, and a rotatable valve having an aperture movable into and out of register with the ports and said aperture.

'7. A carburetor` including, a body having an air passage, a partition across the passage having an aperture, there being a recess in the partition,

the body having a liquid passage delivering liquid fuel to the recess, a member having liquid fuel ports for discharging into the air passage above the partition, capillary tubes on the member extending into the liquid fuel in the recess and. 5 supplying said ports, a manifold surrounding the portion of the air passage above the partition and the liquid passage, and a valve controlling the ports and said aperture.

8. A carburetor including, a body having an air passage, a partition across the passage having an aperture, there being a recess in the partition, the body having a liquid passage delivering liquid fuel to the recess, a member having liquid fuel ports for discharging into the air passage above the partition, capillary tubes on the member extending into the liquid fuel in the recess and supplying said ports, a tube extending downward from the outlet end of the air passage, the tube having apertures spaced circumferentially from the aperture in the partition, and a valve for simultaneously controlling the aperture in the partition, the fuel ports and the apertures in the tube.

9. A carburetor including, a body having a fluid passage, a member in' the passage having a fuel port discharging into the passage, means for supplying fuel to the port, an assembly of two telescopically arranged members in the body having a closed lower end and an open upper end communicating with the outlet of the passage, one member being rotatable relative to the other, a part of the rotatable member cooperating with the fuel port, there being openings in the said two members adapted to register to allow a flow through the passage, and means for rotating the said rotatable member to simultaneously close the fuel port and control the flow through the passage.

' OREN F. TEED; 40 

